Plan du KiWi

Encore une étape de plus vers Big Brother chez vous ? Boah pourquoi pas… J'ai récupéré une vieille webcam et j'ai eu envie d'en faire une caméra de sécurité.

Tout d'abord, il faut la faire marcher avec votre distribution favorite ce qui implique le fait d'avoir le driver, si elle ne marche pas en natif, je vous conseille d'installer l'excellent gspca-source (C'est un paquet sous Ubuntu). Je vous invite, pour voir un petit peu de quoi il en retourne, à lire le site de l'auteur ainsi que la documentation du paquet que vous trouverez dans ce fichier ”/usr/share/doc/gspca-source/README.Debian.gz”.

Une fois que votre caméra est fonctionnelle, il existe différent logiciels qui peuvent vous permettre de faire du monitoring, vous avez Zoneminder qui vous permettra de faire quelque chose d'aspect “professionnel”. Je ne l'ai pas choisi car il est trop lourd pour ma petite machine (un PowerPC G4 400mhz) et elle n'est pas dédié à cela, elle à autre chose à calculer ! Je me suis donc tourné vers Motion :

apt-get install motion

Une fois que vous l'avez installé, je vous conseille d'aller faire un tour sur le site de l'application pour voir ce qui s'y dit, notamment au niveaux du fichiers de configuration où tout est très bien expliqué.

Je vous copie/colle ici mon fichier de configuration, mais je vous conseille de fouiller afin de l'adapter. En effet, j'utilise simplement Motion pour détecter un mouvement dans une zone donnée et prendre la meilleure capture possible de ce mouvement, il stocke les images et je les affiche avec un simple script php.

Mais si vous le souhaitez, vous pouvez l'utiliser pour stocker ces infos dans une base de données, dans un but de prospection, dans la future version, on pourra utiliser des zones pour délimiter là où l'on souhaite surveiller le mouvement dans l'image, etc.. Les possibiltiés sont infinies.

Sur ce, voilà ma conf et amusez vous bien !

Fichier motion.conf

# /etc/motion/motion.conf
#
# This config file was created by Andrew from InfectedProject
 
 
############################################################
# Daemon
############################################################
 
# Start in daemon (background) mode and release terminal (default: off)
daemon on
 
############################################################
# Basic Setup Mode
############################################################
 
# Start in Setup-Mode, daemon disabled. (default: off)
setup_mode off
 
 
###########################################################
# Capture device options
############################################################
 
# Videodevice to be used for capturing  (default /dev/video0)
# for FreeBSD default is /dev/bktr0
videodevice /dev/video0
 
# The video input to be used (default: 8)
# Should normally be set to 1 for video/TV cards, and 8 for USB cameras
input 8
 
# The video norm to use (only for video capture and TV tuner cards)
# Values: 0 (PAL), 1 (NTSC), 2 (SECAM), 3 (PAL NC no colour). Default: 0 (PAL)
norm 0
 
# The frequency to set the tuner to (kHz) (only for TV tuner cards) (default: 0)
frequency 0
 
# Rotate image this number of degrees. The rotation affects all saved images as
# well as mpeg movies. Valid values: 0 (default = no rotation), 90, 180 and 270.
rotate 0
 
# Image width (pixels). Valid range: Camera dependent, default: 352
width 352
 
# Image height (pixels). Valid range: Camera dependent, default: 288
height 288
 
# Maximum number of frames to be captured per second.
# Valid range: 2-100. Default: 100 (almost no limit).
framerate 2
 
# URL to use if you are using a network camera, size will be autodetected (incl http://)
# Must be a URL that returns single jpeg pictures or a raw mjpeg stream. Default: Not defined
; netcam_url value
 
# Username and password for network camera (only if required). Default: not defined
# Syntax is user:password
; netcam_userpass value
 
# URL to use for a netcam proxy server, if required, e.g. "http://myproxy".
# If a port number other than 80 is needed, use "http://myproxy:1234".
# Default: not defined
; netcam_proxy value
 
# Let motion regulate the brightness of a video device (default: off).
# The auto_brightness feature uses the brightness option as its target value.
# If brightness is zero auto_brightness will adjust to average brightness value 128.
# Only recommended for cameras without auto brightness
auto_brightness off
 
# Set the initial brightness of a video device.
# If auto_brightness is enabled, this value defines the average brightness level
# which Motion will try and adjust to.
# Valid range 0-255, default 0 = disabled
brightness 100
 
# Set the contrast of a video device.
# Valid range 0-255, default 0 = disabled
contrast 100
 
# Set the saturation of a video device.
# Valid range 0-255, default 0 = disabled
saturation 25
 
# Set the hue of a video device (NTSC feature).
# Valid range 0-255, default 0 = disabled
hue 0
 
 
############################################################
# Round Robin (multiple inputs on same video device name)
############################################################
 
# Number of frames to capture in each roundrobin step (default: 1)
roundrobin_frames 1
 
# Number of frames to skip before each roundrobin step (default: 1)
roundrobin_skip 1
 
# Try to filter out noise generated by roundrobin (default: 0)
switchfilter off
 
 
############################################################
# Motion Detection Settings:
############################################################
 
# Threshold for number of changed pixels in an image that
# triggers motion detection (default: 1500)
threshold 10000
 
# Automatically tune the threshold down if possible (default: off)
threshold_tune off
 
# Noise threshold for the motion detection (default: 32)
noise_level 64
 
# Automatically tune the noise threshold (default: on)
noise_tune on
 
# Enables motion to adjust its detection/noise level for very dark frames
# Don't use this with noise_tune on. (default: off)
night_compensate off
 
# Despeckle motion image using (e)rode or (d)ilate or (l)abel (Default: not defined)
# Recommended value is EedDl. Any combination (and number of) of E, e, d, and D is valid.
# (l)abeling must only be used once and the 'l' must be the last letter.
# Comment out to disable
; despeckle value
 
# PGM file to use as a sensitivity mask.
# Full path name to. (Default: not defined)
; mask_file value
 
# Dynamically create a mask file during operation (default: 0)
# Adjust speed of mask changes from 0 (off) to 10 (fast)
smart_mask_speed 0
 
# Ignore sudden massive light intensity changes given as a percentage of the picture
# area that changed intensity. Valid range: 0 - 100 , default: 0 = disabled
lightswitch 0
 
# Picture frames must contain motion at least the specified number of frames
# in a row before they are detected as true motion. At the default of 1, all
# motion is detected. Valid range: 1 to thousands, recommended 1-5
minimum_motion_frames 1
 
# Specifies the number of pre-captured (buffered) pictures from before motion
# was detected that will be output at motion detection.
# Recommended range: 0 to 5 (default: 0)
# Do not use large values! Large values will cause Motion to skip video frames and
# cause unsmooth mpegs. To smooth mpegs use larger values of post_capture instead.
pre_capture 0
 
# Number of frames to capture after motion is no longer detected (default: 0)
post_capture 0
 
# Gap is the seconds of no motion detection that triggers the end of an event
# An event is defined as a series of motion images taken within a short timeframe.
# Recommended value is 60 seconds (Default). The value 0 is allowed and disables
# events causing all Motion to be written to one single mpeg file and no pre_capture.
gap 60
 
# Minimum gap in seconds between the storing pictures while detecting motion.
# Default: 0 = as fast as possible (given by the camera framerate)
# Note: This option has nothing to do with the option 'gap'
minimum_gap 0
 
# Maximum length in seconds of an mpeg movie
# When value is exceeded a new mpeg file is created. (Default: 0 = infinite)
max_mpeg_time 3600
 
# Number of frames per second to capture when not detecting
# motion (saves CPU load) (Default: 0 = disabled)
low_cpu 0
 
# Always save images even if there was no motion (default: off)
output_all off
 
 
############################################################
# Image File Output
############################################################
 
# Output 'normal' pictures when motion is detected (default: on)
# Valid values: on, off, first, best
# When set to 'first', only the first picture of an event is saved.
# Picture with most motion of an event is saved when set to 'best'.
# Can be used as preview shot for the corresponding movie.
output_normal on
 
# Output pictures with only the pixels moving object (ghost images) (default: off)
output_motion off
 
# The quality (in percent) to be used by the jpeg compression (default: 75)
quality 100
 
# Output ppm images instead of jpeg (default: off)
ppm off
 
 
############################################################
# Film (mpeg) File Output - ffmpeg based
############################################################
 
# Use ffmpeg to encode mpeg movies in realtime (default: off)
ffmpeg_cap_new off
 
# Use ffmpeg to make movies with only the pixels moving
# object (ghost images) (default: off)
ffmpeg_cap_motion off
 
# Use ffmpeg to encode a timelapse movie
# Default value 0 = off - else save frame every Nth second
ffmpeg_timelapse 0
 
# The file rollover mode of the timelapse video
# Valid values: hourly, daily (default), weekly-sunday, weekly-monday, monthly, manual
ffmpeg_timelapse_mode daily
 
# Bitrate to be used by the ffmpeg encoder (default: 400000)
# This option is ignored if ffmpeg_variable_bitrate is not 0 (disabled)
ffmpeg_bps 400000
 
# Enables and defines variable bitrate for the ffmpeg encoder.
# ffmpeg_bps is ignored if variable bitrate is enabled.
# Valid values: 0 (default) = fixed bitrate defined by ffmpeg_bps,
# or the range 2 - 31 where 2 means best quality and 31 is worst.
ffmpeg_variable_bitrate 0
 
# Codec to used by ffmpeg for the video compression.
# Timelapse mpegs are always made in mpeg1 format independent from this option.
# Supported formats are: mpeg1 (ffmpeg-0.4.8 only), mpeg4 (default), and msmpeg4.
# mpeg1 - gives you files with extension .mpg
# mpeg4 or msmpeg4 - give you files with extension .avi
# msmpeg4 is recommended for use with Windows Media Player because
# it requires no installation of codec on the Windows client.
ffmpeg_video_codec msmpeg4
 
 
############################################################
# Snapshots (Traditional Periodic Webcam File Output)
############################################################
 
# Make automated snapshot every N seconds (default: 0 = disabled)
snapshot_interval 0
 
 
############################################################
# Text Display
# %Y = year, %m = month, %d = date,
# %H = hour, %M = minute, %S = second, %T = HH:MM:SS,
# %v = event, %q = frame number, \n = new line,
# %D = changed pixels, %N = noise level,
# %i and %J = width and height of motion area,
# %K and %L = X and Y coordinates of motion center
# You can put quotation marks around the text to allow
# leading spaces
############################################################
 
# Locate and draw a box around the moving object.
# Valid values: on, off and preview (default: off)
# Set to 'preview' will only draw a box in preview_shot pictures.
locate off
 
# Draws the timestamp using same options as C function strftime(3)
# Default: %Y-%m-%d\n%T = date in ISO format and time in 24 hour clock
# Text is placed in lower right corner
text_right %Y-%m-%d\n%T
 
# Draw a user defined text on the images using same options as C function strftime(3)
# Default: Not defined = no text
# Text is placed in lower left corner
; text_left value
 
# Draw the number of changed pixed on the images (default: off)
# Will normally be set to off except when you setup and adjust the motion settings
# Text is placed in upper right corner
text_changes on
 
# Draw characters at twice normal size on images. (default: off)
text_double off
 
 
############################################################
# Target Directories and filenames For Images And Films
# For the options snapshot_, jpeg_, mpeg_ and timelapse_filename
# you can use conversion specifiers
# %Y = year, %m = month, %d = date,
# %H = hour, %M = minute, %S = second,
# %v = event, %q = frame number
# %D = changed pixels, %N = noise level,
# %i and %J = width and height of motion area,
# %K and %L = X and Y coordinates of motion center
# Quotation marks round string are allowed.
############################################################
 
# Target base directory for pictures and films
# Recommended to use absolute patch. (Default: current working directory)
target_dir /var/www/snaps
 
# File path for snapshots (jpeg or ppm) relative to target_dir
# Default: %v-%Y%m%d%H%M%S-snapshot
# Default value is equivalent to legacy oldlayout option
# For Motion 3.0 compatible mode choose: %Y/%m/%d/%H/%M/%S-snapshot
# File extension .jpg or .ppm is automatically added so do not include this.
# Note: A symbolic link called lastsnap.jpg created in the target_dir will always
# point to the latest snapshot, unless snapshot_filename is exactly 'lastsnap'
snapshot_filename %Y%m%d%H%M%S-%q-snapshot
 
# File path for motion triggered images (jpeg or ppm) relative to target_dir
# Default: %v-%Y%m%d%H%M%S-%q
# Default value is equivalent to legacy oldlayout option
# For Motion 3.0 compatible mode choose: %Y/%m/%d/%H/%M/%S-%q
# File extension .jpg or .ppm is automatically added so do not include this
# Set to 'preview' together with best-preview feature enables special naming
# convention for preview shots. See motion guide for details
jpeg_filename %Y%m%d%H%M%S-%q-snapshot
 
# File path for motion triggered ffmpeg films (mpeg) relative to target_dir
# Default: %v-%Y%m%d%H%M%S
# Default value is equivalent to legacy oldlayout option
# For Motion 3.0 compatible mode choose: %Y/%m/%d/%H%M%S
# File extension .mpg or .avi is automatically added so do not include this
ffmpeg_filename %v-%Y%m%d%H%M%S
 
# File path for timelapse mpegs relative to target_dir
# Default: %Y%m%d-timelapse
# Default value is near equivalent to legacy oldlayout option
# For Motion 3.0 compatible mode choose: %Y/%m/%d-timelapse
# File extension .mpg is automatically added so do not include this
timelapse_filename %Y%m%d-timelapse
 
 
############################################################
# Live Webcam Server
############################################################
 
# The mini-http server listens to this port for requests (default: 0 = disabled)
webcam_port 4169
 
# Quality of the jpeg images produced (default: 30)
webcam_quality 80
 
# Output frames at 1 fps when no motion is detected and increase to the
# rate given by webcam_maxrate when motion is detected (default: off)
webcam_motion off
 
# Maximum framerate for webcam streams (default: 1)
webcam_maxrate 2
 
# Restrict webcam connections to localhost only (default: on)
webcam_localhost off
 
# Limits the number of images per connection (default: 0 = unlimited)
# Number can be defined by multiplying actual webcam rate by desired number of seconds
# Actual webcam rate is the smallest of the numbers framerate and webcam_maxrate
webcam_limit 0
 
 
############################################################
# HTTP Based Control
############################################################
 
# TCP/IP port for the http server to listen on (default: 0 = disabled)
control_port 8000
 
# Restrict control connections to localhost only (default: on)
control_localhost off
 
# Output for http server, select off to choose raw text plain (default: on)
control_html_output on
 
# Authentication for the http based control. Syntax username:password
# Default: not defined (Disabled)
control_authentication kinji:B55vph!r
 
 
############################################################
# Tracking (Pan/Tilt)
############################################################
 
# Type of tracker (0=none (default), 1=stepper, 2=iomojo, 3=pwc, 4=generic)
# The generic type enables the definition of motion center and motion size to
# be used with the convertion specifiers for options like on_motion_detected
track_type 0
 
# Serial port of motor (default: none)
; track_port value
 
# Motor number for x-axis (default: -1)
track_motorx 0
 
# Maximum value on x-axis (default: 0)
track_maxx 0
 
# ID of an iomojo camera if used (default: 0)
track_iomojo_id 0
 
# Speed to set the motor to (default: 255)
track_speed 255
 
# Number of steps to make (default: 40)
track_stepsize 40
 
 
############################################################
# External Commands, Warnings and Logging:
# You can use conversion specifiers for the on_xxxx commands
# %Y = year, %m = month, %d = date,
# %H = hour, %M = minute, %S = second,
# %v = event, %q = frame number
# %D = changed pixels, %N = noise level,
# %i and %J = width and height of motion area,
# %K and %L = X and Y coordinates of motion center
# Quotation marks round string are allowed.
############################################################
 
# Do not sound beeps when detecting motion (default: on)
# Note: Motion never beeps when running in daemon mode.
quiet on
 
# Command to be executed when an event starts. (default: none)
# An event starts at first motion detected after a period of no motion defined by gap 
; on_event_start value
 
# Command to be executed when an event ends after a period of no motion
# (default: none). The period of no motion is defined by option gap.
; on_event_end value
 
# Command to be executed when a picture (.ppm|.jpg) is saved (default: none)
# The filename of the picture is appended as an argument for the command.
; on_picture_save wput ftp://USERNAME:PASSWORD@REMOTE SERVER %f
 
# Command to be executed when a motion frame is detected (default: none)
; on_motion_detected value
 
# Command to be executed when a movie file (.mpg|.avi) is created. (default: none)
# Filename of movie is appended as an argument for the command.
; on_movie_start value
 
# Command to be executed when a movie file (.mpg|.avi) is closed. (default: none)
# Filename of movie is appended as an argument for the command.
; on_movie_end value
 
 
############################################################
# Common Options For MySQL and PostgreSQL database features.
# Options require the MySQL/PostgreSQL options to be active also.
############################################################
 
# Log to the database when creating motion triggered image file  (default: on)
sql_log_image on
 
# Log to the database when creating a snapshot image file (default: on)
sql_log_snapshot on
 
# Log to the database when creating motion triggered mpeg file (default: off)
sql_log_mpeg off
 
# Log to the database when creating timelapse mpeg file (default: off)
sql_log_timelapse off
 
 
############################################################
# Database Options For MySQL
############################################################
 
# Mysql database to log to (default: not defined)
; mysql_db value
 
# The host on which the database is located (default: not defined)
; mysql_host value
 
# User account name for MySQL database (default: not defined)
; mysql_user value
 
# User password for MySQL database (default: not defined)
; mysql_password value
 
 
############################################################
# Database Options For PostgreSQL
############################################################
 
# PostgreSQL database to log to (default: not defined)
; pgsql_db value
 
# The host on which the database is located (default: not defined)
; pgsql_host value
 
# User account name for PostgreSQL database (default: not defined)
; pgsql_user value
 
# User password for PostgreSQL database (default: not defined)
; pgsql_password value
 
# Port on which the PostgreSQL database is located (default: 5432)
pgsql_port 5432
 
 
############################################################
# Video Loopback Device (vloopback project)
############################################################
 
# Output images to a video4linux loopback device
# The value '-' means next available (default: not defined)
; video_pipe value
 
# Output motion images to a video4linux loopback device
# The value '-' means next available (default: not defined)
; motion_video_pipe value
 
 
##############################################################
# Thread config files - One for each camera.
# Except if only one camera - You only need this config file.
# If you have more than one camera you MUST define one thread
# config file for each camera in addition to this config file.
##############################################################
 
thread /etc/motion/thread0.conf

Et le fichier thread0.conf :

# /etc/motion/thread0.conf
#
# This config file was created by Andrew from InfectedProject
 
 
# File path for motion triggered images (jpeg or ppm) relative to target_dir
# Default: %v-%Y%m%d%H%M%S-%q
# Default value is equivalent to legacy oldlayout option
# For Motion 3.0 compatible mode choose: %Y/%m/%d/%H/%M/%S-%q
# File extension .jpg or .ppm is automatically added so do not include this
# Set to 'preview' together with best-preview feature enables special naming
# convention for preview shots. See motion guide for details
jpeg_filename %Y%m%d%H%M%S